Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Kounnavong B[original query] |
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Thiamine deficiency disorders: diagnosis, prevalence, and a roadmap for global control programs
Whitfield KC , Bourassa MW , Adamolekun B , Bergeron G , Bettendorff L , Brown KH , Cox L , Fattal-Valevski A , Fischer PR , Frank EL , Hiffler L , Hlaing LM , Jefferds ME , Kapner H , Kounnavong S , Mousavi MPS , Roth DE , Tsaloglou MN , Wieringa F , Combs GF Jr . Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018 1430 (1) 3-43 Thiamine is an essential micronutrient that plays a key role in energy metabolism. Many populations worldwide may be at risk of clinical or subclinical thiamine deficiencies, due to famine, reliance on staple crops with low thiamine content, or food preparation practices, such as milling grains and washing milled rice. Clinical manifestations of thiamine deficiency are variable; this, along with the lack of a readily accessible and widely agreed upon biomarker of thiamine status, complicates efforts to diagnose thiamine deficiency and assess its global prevalence. Strategies to identify regions at risk of thiamine deficiency through proxy measures, such as analysis of food balance sheet data and month-specific infant mortality rates, may be valuable for understanding the scope of thiamine deficiency. Urgent public health responses are warranted in high-risk regions, considering the contribution of thiamine deficiency to infant mortality and research suggesting that even subclinical thiamine deficiency in childhood may have lifelong neurodevelopmental consequences. Food fortification and maternal and/or infant thiamine supplementation have proven effective in raising thiamine status and reducing the incidence of infantile beriberi in regions where thiamine deficiency is prevalent, but trial data are limited. Efforts to determine culturally and environmentally appropriate food vehicles for thiamine fortification are ongoing. |
The Lao experience in deploying influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine: lessons made relevant in preparing for present day pandemic threats
Xeuatvongsa A , Mirza S , Winter C , Feldon K , Vongphrachanh P , Phonekeo D , Denny J , Khanthamaly V , Kounnavong B , Lylianou D , Phousavath S , Norasingh S , Boutta N , Olsen S , Bresee J , Moen A , Corwin A . PLoS One 2015 10 (4) e0121717 The Lao PDR, as did most countries of the Mekong Region, embarked on a pandemic vaccine initiative to counter the threat posed by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Overall, estimated vaccine coverage of the Lao population was 14%, with uptake in targeted health care workers and pregnant women 99% and 41%, respectively. Adverse Events Following Immunization accounted for only 6% of survey driven, reported vaccination experiences, with no severe consequences or deaths. Public acceptability of the vaccine campaign was high (98%). Challenges to vaccine deployment included: 1) no previous experience in fielding a seasonal influenza vaccine, 2) safety and efficacy concerns, and 3) late arrival of vaccine 10 months into the pandemic. The Lao success in surmounting these hurdles was in large measure attributed to the oversight assigned the National Immunization Program, and national sensitivities in responding to the avian influenza A(H5N1) crisis in the years leading up to the pandemic. The Lao "lessons learned" from pandemic vaccine deployment are made even more relevant four years on, given the many avian influenza strains circulating in the region, all with pandemic potential. |
Capacity building in response to pandemic influenza threats: Lao PDR case study
Phommasack B , Moen A , Vongphrachanh P , Tsuyuoka R , Cox N , Khamphaphongphanh B , Phonekeo D , Kasai T , Ketmayoon P , Lewis H , Kounnavong B , Khanthamaly V , Corwin A . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012 87 (6) 965-971 The Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) committed to pandemic detection and response preparations when faced with the threat of avian influenza. Since 2006, the National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology of Lao PDR has developed credible laboratory, surveillance, and epidemiological (human) capacity and as a result was designated a World Health Organization National Influenza Center in 2010. The Lao PDR experience in building influenza capacities provides a case study of the considerable crossover effect of such investments to augment the capacity to combat emerging and re-emerging diseases other than influenza. |
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